Portable apparatus for developing and printing films in daylight



Aug. 6, 1940. J. @Rm Em 2.2111445 PORTABLE APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING AND PRINTING FILMS IN DAYLIGHT L mmm Aug. 6, 194. J. CERNY ET AL PORTABLE APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING AND PRINTING FILMS IN DAYLIGHT Filed Jan. 26, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 APatented Aug.6,1e4o I I 2,210,445

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PORTABLE APPARATUS FOR DEVELOPING AND PRINTING FILMS IN DAYLIGHT Jacob Cerny and Isac Grinspun, Bucharest, Rumania Application January 26, 1938, Serial No. 187,051

11 Claims. (Cl. SI5-$0.5)

The object of the present invention is a portface a spiral groove having a U-shaped cross able apparatus for developing and printing lms, section; these symmetrical spiral grooves are inin daylight, which apparatus comprises certain tended to support and to guide the lm edges. parts used in various kinds of apparatus designed In order to maintain the exact distance between 5 for other purposes, a series of new devices havthe walls il` and I0 there is provided a tube II 5 ing special destinations as well as a novel arwhich surrounds the shaft i I and distance pieces rangement of all these devices and parts. I6 maintained by a plate I5.

An embodiment of the apparatus given as ex- In the central portion of the developing drum ample is represented in the accompanying drawthere is introduced on one hand the spool I3 l ingSOf Which carrying the exposed film and on the other hand 10 Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a coman identical, but empty, spool I9, the pivots I8 plete apparatus through plane II of Fig. 2; and I9 of these spools entering into the corre- Fig. 2 a horizontal section along plane II-II sponding holes of walls 9 and I 0. Integral and 0f Fig. l; parallel with said tube Il is disposed a sleeve II l Fig. 3 a longitudinal section of an alternative formed of a plate curved so as to have a spiral 15 embodiment along plane III-III of Fig. 4; profile with a wing I1' curved toward the axis of v Fig. 4 a cross section of this alternative emthe sleeve and intended to exert between the bodiment, along plane IV-IV-of Fig. 3; walls of fthe spool I8 an elastic pressure upon Fig. 5 a side elevation of the developing drum; the film, respectively upon the protective accomg3 Fig. 6 a section of this drum along a diametral panying it. On said plate I5 is fastened on the 20 plane; A other hand a spring blade which rests on the Fig. 7 a section along a plane at right angles shaft of the empty spool I9, respectively on the to the axis of this drum; protective paper wound on it. The wing I1' of Fig. 8 a structural detail; the sleeve carries on its outer face at either end,

2 3 Fig. 8a is a plan view of the detail shown in i. e. near the Walls 9 and I0 of the drum, a short 25 Fie. 8; groove 2| having a U-shaped cross section, both Fig. 9 a'box for sensitised paper in closed state; these grooves being connected with the spiral Fig. 9a is a side elevational view showing the grooves I3, when sleeve Il is put in position. box in open position. In order to introduce the lm into the drum, 3g The apparatus consists of la case or dark chamthe tube II with sleeve I'I is withdrawn there- 30 ber containing all devices to be described farther from and into this sleeve is introduced the spool on and it is formed of side Walls I, 2, 3 and l, I8 with its exposed illm. Then tube II is apbottom 5, cover proper 1, and intermediate cover plied on shaft II, so that the pivot I8 of this 6. which rests on the projecting shoulders 8 oi spool passes through the corresponding opening 3; the side Walls and is formed of two articulated of wall 9, and an empty spool I9 is placed in such 35 halves 6 and 6", of which one is xed and the manner that its pivot I9 passes also through other movable. the corresponding opening in wall 9. Then the On the bottom of the case there are located end of the protective paper accompanying the two tanks 3I and 32; one for the developing bath lm is drawn and is fastened in the slot of the in and the other for the fixing bath, which may be shaft of the empty spool and the drum is put withdrawn from the case together with drawers together by means of screw bolt I2. It ls ob- Wherein they are located. vious that by rotating the empty spool I9 the The developing and fixing operations of the paper accompanying the film will be wound upon film take place within a special drum, which is this spool, while the lm, which has the tendency 1.) introduced into the case by lifting the cover to unroll, will enter the short grooves located on proper 1 and by lifting the intermediate cover 6". the back of wing I'l' of sleeve I'I and therefrom This developing drum made of metal or any it will continue to advance within the spiral other suitable material is represented in Figs, grooves I3 until it will be completely unrolled :5, 6 and 7` and it allows to unroll in its inner between the drum walls, while the paper will be j space thelm so as to provide between its loops wound up and maintained by spring 22 on spool 50 free space to permit the circulation of the bath I9. In order to admitthe bath liquids between liquids. The drum comprises two circular side the loose loops of spirals I3 the drum walls 9 walls, the wall 9 integral with the shaft II and and I0 are provided with apertures 20. wall I0, which is detachable and may be fixed Of course the unrolling of the film within the by screw bolt I2. Either wall has on its inner drum will not take place in right but within 55 l the dark chamber, as will be described farther on. 'I'he assembled drum, withbnly the free end of the paper fastened on the empty spool I9, will be introduced into the dark chamber by lifting the lcover 6". Through the wall 3 of this chamber extends a shaft 2,4 provided at its outer end with a crank 25 and at its inner endA with a screw thread which enters the threaded hole of the drum shaft. Through an aperture 23 of the wall passes a key 23' whichengages the pivot I9 of the empty spool. `By turning this key the unrolling of the lm is effected in the drum protected from daylight. Y

Said shaft 26 is journalled in a bearing 21 wherein it can rotate and silde in axial direction, while this bearing 21 is integral with a slide 28 (Fig. 8) which may' slide upwards and downwards between two guides 29, the wall 3 of the case having an elongated aperture allowing the upward and downward movement of shaft 2d.

Owing to this arrangement the drum can be pushed over the tanks 3l and 32, it can be lifted, lowered into the bath within -the tanks and ro` tated vto develop and iix the films, after which operations the drum is withdrawn from the apparatus to wash and dry the film.

The apparatus comprises following devices for printing the lm:

In the intermediate cover G'Fis provided a revc.

tangular window having the size of the negative, surrounded on the lower face by a frame 55 made of verythin metal, on which restsv the negative to be printed, above which are applied and fastened one or several plates of clear or opal glass. The sensitised paper must be pressed, from the lower side upon the negative. To this end the apparatus comprises a swinging rectangular plate 51 which carries near its edge a metal band 58 provided with two pivots 59 which may lturn in the o val bearings of brackets 6l), so that the axis round which the plate 51 is swinging has a certain play in its vertical plane. A horizontal shaft parallel to pivots 59 carries at the exterior of the apparatus a crank and within arms 5| which, when turning the crank, press with their free ends on springs Bd fastened beneath said plate 51, lifting it in a horizontal plane and pressing it together with the'sensitised paper against the negative to be printed.

In order to maintain the device consisting of plate 51, arms 6I and shaft 63 in its lifted position, the latter carries within the apparatus an arm 61, while a pawl 69 is fastened on a horizontal pivot 61, which extends through the` wall of the apparatus and carries at its outer end a crank 68. 'Ihis pawl is pressed against a fixed abutment 10 by a spring 1I. `When lifting the plate 51 the arm 66 lifts the pawl B9 and gets locked thereby. When the crank 68 is moved against lthe action of spring 1|, then pawl 69 is raised and all members holdingplate 51 in its horizontal position are unlocked. This plate drops into its Ivertical position (Figs. 3 and 4) while Vthe paper maintained thereby pressed against the A other one in Figs. 3, 4 and 9.

and a removable lid 48.' In this box is a spool 43 on which is rolled a'sensitised paper band, together with a protective paper band, exactly as used for film spools and 'another identical, but empty spool 64. These spools 43 and 44 are mounted in the box by means of their axles or pivots 43 and d4' and by means of an elastic means for instance a spring 45. The lengthened end of the protective paper -is fastened in the slot of shaft B4 of the empty spool and the sensitised paper is introduced into a slot of the case. Then the cover 40 is applied on the box and the latter is introduced like a drawer, but with the cover downward into the apparatus, where there is provided a compartment limited by fixed partitions ll and d2. Through wall l of the apparatus extends akey t8 engaging the pivot 'llt' of the empty spool. Within said box there is also a spring blade 58, which presses against spool t3 and a fixed screen 5l, While between its back wall 36 and its bottom there is provided said slot provided with velvet, which has the size strictly necessary, in order to let pass the sensitised paper. It is obvious that by turning ,the key i8 and consequently the empty spoolflthe protective paper will be wound on the latter, while the sensitised paper guided by screen 5I will leave the box by said slot. In order to bring the paper under the negative, the plate 51 is lifted at iirst almost in its horizontal position and the sensitised paper is advanced by turning key d8. Two small windows 18 and 13 provided in covers 6 and 1 respectively and equipped with coloured glasses allow to follow the movement of the paper. Then by turning crank 65 the plate 51 is locked in its horizontal position and the portion of sensitised paper pressed against the negative is detached by means of a sharpened tooth 52 fastened to a sliding blade operated from the exterior and passing in front of the slot through which the sensitised paper band is fed.

In order to permit to print the negative in daylight, the cover proper 1 has a window 15 above that of the intermediate cover 6". Under this window 15 is located a shutter of any suitable type,'which in the illustrated instance consists of a plate 16 slidable between guides fastened under the vcover-1 andwhich is operated from without by a lever 11 extending beneath the cover 1.

'I'he exposed paper drops into the bath of the tank 3| as has been described above, and from this tank it may be carried into the tank containing the fixing solution by means of a device consisting of a horizontal shaft 85 carrying several parallel arms made of thin metal plate curved according to the profile of the tank or of a metal fabric. By turning from without this shaft 85 the photograph is carried to tank 32.

The box according to Figs. 3, 4 and 9 is designed to be charged with sensitised paper cut into sheets of the size of the negative. This simplified box is intended to be used in an equally simplified apparatus-represented in Figs. 3 and 4 which is provided in the wall 2 with an opening equipped with a sleeve 81, so that one may introduce the hand into its inner space, to open the box. withdraw a paper sheet and introduce it beneath the negative, fastening it afterwards by lifting the plate 51. The simplified apparatus need notv have the observation windows 18 and.

a lid 90, the joint between the box and the lid being located in a plane inclined under 45 and protected by a gasket against light. The axis round which the lid swings is located in the plane of the inner face of the back wall of the box, so that when the lid is open, it describes an angle greater than 90, i. e. its upper surface moves beyond the vertical plane passing through the axis of rotation. This arrangement is made in order to permit that an elastic member, for instance a rubber thread fastened diagonally between two pivots, one in the upper front corner of the lid and the other one near the lower back corner of the box, has the double effect of maintaining the lid secured in its closed as well in its open position, allowing thus to operate the box and the paper with only one hand.

The apparatus has also two windows equipped with red or yellow glasses; a window 94 in wall i admitting the daylight into the apparatus and another one 8l located in a funnel 80, allowing to observe the negative in the developing bath of tank 3|, there existing the possibility to shut both windows by drawers or lids.

Finally the apparatus according to the invention can serve also to obtain enlarged prints after the negative by applying upon the opening 15 of cover 1 an enlarging cone. The negative to be enlarged is placed above the cone, while the sensitised paper is placed on plate 51 and is covered by a clear glass plate. l The paper is then treated in the manner described with reference to the printing of the negative.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we

" declare that what we claim is:

1. A portable photographic apparatus comprising a receptacle having side walls and a bottom, a removable cover for said receptacle, a shaft extending through one of the side walls of said receptacle, a drum mounted upon said shaft, one of the side walls of said drum being fixed to said shaft, the other side wall of said drum being f removable therefrom, said side walls of said drum having spiral grooves therein with a U-shaped cross section for guiding the edges of a film, a

y sleeve located between the side walls of said drum adapted to receive a spool of film, means on said sleeve for guiding the edges of said film into said spiral grooves, means for mounting a second spool between the side walls of said drum and means for actuating said second spool so as to unwind the protective paper accompanying the film and thereby feed the film into said spiral grooves.

.2. A portable photographic apparatus comprising a receptacle having side walls anda bottom, a removable cover for said receptacle, a shaft extending through one of the side walls of said receptacle, a drum mounted upon said shaft, one of the side walls of said drum being fixed to said shaft. the other side wall of said drum being removable therefrom, said side walls of said drum .having spiralgrooves therein with a U-shaped cross section for guiding the edges of a film, a sleeve located between the side walls of said drum adapted to receive a spool of film, means on said sleeve for guiding the edges of said film into said spiral grooves, means for mounting a second spool between the side walls of said drum, means for actuating said second spool so as to unwind theprotective paper accompanying the film and thereby.

feed the lm into said spiral g'looves, means for rotating said shaft and means for axially disl placingsaid shaft.

3. A portable photographic apparatus comprising a receptacle having side walls and a bot.- tom, a removable cover for said receptacle, a shaft extending through one of the side walls of said receptacle; a drum mounted upon said shaft, one of the side walls of said drum being fixed to said shaft, the other side wall of said drum being removable therefrom, said side walls of said drum having spiral grooves therein with a U-shaped cross section for guiding the edges of a film, a sleeve located between theside walls of said drum adapted to receive a spool of film, means on said sleeve for guiding the edges of said illm into said spiral grooves, means for mounting a second spool between the side walls of said drum, means for 1 actuating said second spool so asto unwind the protective paper accompanying the film and thereby feed the film into said spiral grooves, a I

extending through one of the side walls of said receptacle, a drum mounted upon said shaft, one of the side walls of said drum being fixed to said shaft, the other side wall of said drum being removable therefrom, said side walls of said drum having spiral grooves therein with a U-shaped cross section for guiding the edges of a film, a sleeve located between the side walls of said drum adapted to receive a spool of film, means on said sleeve for guiding the edges of said film into said spiral grooves, means for mounting a second spool between the side walls of said drum, means for actuating said second spool so as to unwind the protective paper accompanying the film and thereby feed the lm into said spiral grooves and spring means mounted between the side walls of said drum bearing` upon said second spool for ensuring a tight winding thereon of said protective paper.

5. A portable photographic apparatus comprising a receptacle having side walls and a bottom, a removable cover for said receptacle, a shaft extending through one of the side walls of said receptacle, a drum mounted upon said shaft, one ofthe side walls of said drum being fixed to said shaft, the other side wall of said drum being removable therefrom, said side walls of said drum having spiral grooves therein with a U-shaped cross section for guiding the edges of a film, a sleeve located between the side walls of said drum adapted to receive a spool of lm, means on said sleeve for guiding the edges of said film into said l 'spiral grooves, means for mounting a second spool v prising a receptacle having side walls and a bottom, a removable cover for said receptacle, an intermediate removable cover located below said first mentioned cover, said intermediate cover being provided with a window upon which a negative to be printed may be secured, a compartment located below saidV intermediate cover,

means for removably securing a spool of sensitized paper within said compartment, means for securing within said compartment a second spool spaced from said iirst mentioned spool upon.

which the protective covering of the sensitized' paper may be wound, means for rotating said second spool, said compartment having an aperture therein, means for guiding the sensitized paper from said nrst mentioned spool through said aperture and below said window, a pivoted plate located within said receptacle, means for pivoting saidplate so as to carry a portion of the sensitized paper directly below the negative and means for severing said sensitized paper located adjacent said aperture.

7. A portable photographic .apparatus comprising a receptacle having side walls and a bottom, a removable cover for said receptacle, an

intermediate removable cover located below said first mentioned cover, said intermediate cover being provided with a window upon which a negative to be printed may be secured, a compartment located below said intermediate cover, means for removably securing a. spool of sensitized paper within said compartment, means for securingl said receptacle, a pivoted lever cooperating with said plate, means at the outsideof said receptacle for actuating said lever and thereby .moving said plate so as to carry a portion of the sensitized paper directly below the negative and means for severing said sensitized paper located adjacent said aperture.

8. A portable photographic apparatus comprising a receptacle having side walls and a bottom, a removable cover for said receptacle, an intermediate removable cover located below said rst mentioned cover, said intermediate cover being provided with a window upon which a negative to be printed maybe secured, a compartment located below said intermediate cover, means for removably securing a spool of sensitized paper withinv said compartment, means for securing within said compartment a second spool spaced from said nrst mentioned spool upon which the protective covering of the sensitized paper may 'las be wound, means for rotating said second spool,

said compartment having an aperture therein, means for guiding the sensitized paper from said rst mentioned spool through said aperture and below said window, a pivoted plate located within said receptacle, and means for locking said plate below said negative.

9. A portable photographic apparatus com-l prising a receptacle having side walls. and a bottom, a removable cover for said receptacle, an intermediate removable cover located below said rst mentioned cover, said intermediate cover- 'being provided with a window upon which a negative to be printed may be secured, a compartment located below said intermediate cover, means for removably securing a spool of sensitized paper within said compartment, means for securing within said compartment a second spool spaced from said nrstmentioned spool upon which the protective covering of the sensitized paperA may lbe wound, means for rotating said second spool,

said compartment having an' aperture therein, means for guiding the sensitized paper from said rst mentioned spool through said aperture and below said window, a pivoted plate located within said receptacle, a developing bath located below said window and said plate for receiving the exposed sensitive paper, a fixing bath located adjacent said developing bath and means for'transferring the sensitive paper from said developing bath to said iixing bath.

l0. A portable photographic apparatus comprising a receptacle having side walls and a bottom, a removable cover for said receptacle, a shaft extending through one of the side walls of said receptacle, a drum mounted upon said shaft, one-of the side walls of said drum being xed to said shaft, the other side wall of saididrum being removable therefrom, said sid e walls of said drum having spiral grooves therein with a U-shaped cross section for guiding the edges of a lm, a vsleeve located between the side walls of said drum adapted to receive a spool of lm, means on said sleeve for guiding the edges of said lm into said spiral grooves, means for mounting a second spool between the wide walls of said drum, means for actuating said second spool so as to unwind the protective paper accompanying the lm and thereby feed the nlm into said spiral grooves, an intermediate removable cover located below said rst mentioned cover, said intermediate cover being provided -witl a window upon which a negative to be printed may be secured, a compartment located below said intermediate cover, means for removably securing a spool of sensitized paper within said compartment, means for securing Within said compartment a second spool spaced from said first mentioned spool upon which the protective covering of the sensitized paper may be wound, means for rotating said second spool in said compartment, said compartment having an aperture therein, means for guiding the sensitized paper from saidA iirst mentioned spool in said compartment through said aperture and below said window, a pivoted plate located within said receptacle, means ior pivoting said plate so as to carry a portion of the sensitized paper directly below the negative and means for severing said sensitized paper located adjacent said aperture.

11. A portable photographic apparatus comprising a receptacle having side walls and a bottom, a removable cover for said receptacle, an intermediate removable cover located below said rst' mentioned cover, said intermediate cover being provided with a window upon which a negative to be printed may be secured. a pivoted plate within said receptacle operative from the exterior thereof so as to bring a sensitized paper adjacent said negative, a compartment forV individual'sheets of sensitized paper located within said receptacle and secured to-one of the side walls thereof, a cover upon said compartment, resilient means for securing said cover in open and shut position and said receptacle having an aperture therein screened from the light whereby access may be had to said compartment.

JACQB CERNY. ISAC GRINSPUN. Y 

